Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an update / 中华男科学杂志

Researches on the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) have flourished in the recent decade, and a widely accepted view on its pathogenesis is that environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) act on Leydig cells and/or testicular Sertoli cells, resulting in abnormal development of the testis and leading to the symptoms of TDS. Molecular biological studies suggest a correlation of TDS etiology with insulin-like factor 3 (INSL-3), androgen receptor (AR), P27kip, WT-1 and Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS). This review focuses on the progress in current researches on the etiology and mechanism of TDS.